7 February 2013 (I have sent the below mentioned comments as an email to every media outlet I could find, many arborists in multiple municipalities, municipal politicians, The Mayor of Vancouver, City Counsillors, etc)
Recently
I received a press release (above) from
Mole
Hill Community Housing Society, my landlord, that the City of Vancouver has
approved
Big Leaf Maple Trees as a replacement tree for
dying Cherry
trees along the 1100 block of Pendrell Street in downtown Vancouver. The
boulevard is under 2 metres in width between the curb and the sidewalk. Having
been an admirer of this fine native species of Maple, with the largest leaf of
any maple, I am troubled by this choice of tree as a street tree in the city
core.
Acer
macrophyllum (
Big Leaf Maple) can grow to over 45 metres in
height, have a trunk with a circumference of up to 3 metres and a significant
surface root system (
Mature
Tree). My further concern for this Friday, 8
th February,
planting by the Vancouver City Street Tree Program on Pendrell Street brought
me to a Seattle City Ordinance,
No. 90047,
prohibiting the planting of this species in the City of Seattle on boulevards.
In reviewing background on the use of this tree in Seattle, I found reference
in “
Trees of Seattle” by Arthur Lee Jacobson which states,
“Around 1900, it was our most widely planted street-tree, but due to the
ruinous effects of root-heaving on adjacent sidewalks, its use as a street-tree
is now illegal by City ordinance.” Most municipalities I spoke to shy away from
this magnificent tree due to its over-all size, wide and damaging root system,
and tendencies to break large limbs during wind storms. Additional problems
with this species include excessive seed production and excellent seed
germination, powdery mildew and internal trunk rot. The
City
of Bellingham requires a planting strip with a minimum width of 30’+ for
this species to be utilized in the city. Arborists for other municipalities
stated that it was not a species they’d consider or had in their approved
street tree lists. Don’t get me wrong – I find this tree to be a magnificent native
maple with excellent fall colour, large leaves and a prominent trunk, but, it
belongs in a suitable growing situation such as a park.

I
spoke to Bill Steven, Acting City Arborist and Brad from the Vancouver Street
Tree Program regarding the use of this tree and whether Mole Hill will be held
responsible for future maintenance and repair costs, and their response was,
“40 years and we will see sidewalk repair crews there and taxpayers will be
responsible for paying for it.” It will, no doubt, be more like 30 years or
less when roots will heave sidewalks and cause street damage with the potential
of falling limbs and person/property damage. I’d imagine the city has good
liability insurance. It was only little more than a year ago that a mature Big
Leaf Maple in Nelson Park, only a block away, dropped a large limb during a
wind storm. This tree is situated at the north-west corner of the school
playground. The tree had become dangerous and was heavily pruned, no doubt at
significant cost to tax payers. The expression, right plant-right place, wrong
plant-potentially costly disaster applies to this situation. The City of
Vancouver may be creating a costly future problem due to Mole Hill’s insistence
for a native tree, namely the Big Leaf Maple. A native plant does not mean it
is better than non-native plants. I outright stated to Bill Stevens & Brad,
“…so what you are saying is that politics weighs stronger than common sense by
planting this tree and taxpayers will end up paying for the end result of this
decision?” I was dismayed that little regard for tax payers was expressed in
the making of this decision. A street tree decision should be based on what is
best for the tree, the city, tax payers and the environment. Just because this
tree was planted extensively
100 years ago as a street tree does not mean it was a good choice, then or now,
and probably explains the lack of seeing this tree currently as a common street
tree. Brad mentioned that he had a hard time finding this tree, and for good
reason. It is not a tree utilized in urban forestry for street tree use because
of the aforementioned problems. Mole Hill Community Housing Society has long
pushed for “native-only” plantings in the heritage block and ostracised those
that appreciate non-native plants. Having had the front garden sprayed with
herbicide a few times and killed and mob bullying has re-iterated this
“native-only” drive. The overplanted and poorly kept native plant walk-through
at Mole Hill has created a dangerous environment of drug dealing and criminal
activity. With this commentary, I smell an eviction in my future!

What it really boils down to for
the tree’s sake is I am asking for anyone’s assistance to prevent “Street Tree
Abuse” that starts on Friday of this week. I am a plantsman and I care about
plants. This, to me, is the same misguided environmentalist-type of action that
Grant Hadwin
bestowed on the Golden Spruce. If the City of Vancouver is vying for the “Greenest
City” status, it should be done smartly, with the future in mind and without
political motives at the forefront. If planting this tree is considered illegal
in Seattle and punishable by a fine, wouldn’t the City of Vancouver take heed
to this warning? Bill Stephen stated they will go ahead with this planting,
despite my concerns. I’m encouraged that Drew Gilchrist, Superintendent of
Arboriculture, Bill Stephen, Acting Vancouver City Arborist, Vancouver Parks
Board, Donald Luxton, President of Heritage Vancouver Society, Sean McEwen,
architect and Blair Petrie, Mole Hill founder and native plant person have
vested interest in the community and I trust a sound resolution to this
predicament will be found. None of us would want to end up paying for a poorly
thought-out decision down the road. It would probably be best that Mole Hill
Community Housing Society leave tree choices to the experts. After all, it
would be an embarrassment for the Vancouver City Street Tree program, which I
have held in high regard for tree diversity, arborists and urban foresters to
make decisions based on politics instead of tree sense.
“I am the Lorax. I speak
for the trees. I speak for the trees, for the trees have no tongues.” Dr. Seuss
– The Lorax (1972)
Update 9 February, 2013
The trees were planted on the 8th February, 2013 as promised by the Vancouver City Street Tree Program. One could easily surmise that tree sense and common sense have been superseded by politics and misguided environmentalism. Out of curiosity I looked through several of my books to see what they said. The
Western Garden Book, which is often considered the gardening "bible" of the west, states under
Acer macrophyllum, "...Dense shade tree 30-75 ft. tall, 30-50 ft wide - too big for a small garden or a street tree." In
Maples, by Rosemary Barrett, "There are other maples that call North America home, such as
Acer macrophyllum (Big leaf Maple, Oregon Maple) and
A. spicatum (Mountain Maple), but these are not suitable garden subjects nor are they readily available. This should not be of concern as the maples that have been described are so beautiful that we should not want for more." In
An Illustrated Guide to Maples,
by Antoine Le Hardÿ de Beaulieu, which is a marvelous book, it states, "...The tree's root system has adapted to these conditions and is very broad and superfial." I also found this
Seattle Times article (October 21, 2002) regarding the tree which states,
"The tree is banned in Seattle for planting as a street tree because of its sidewalk-bursting roots and widow-making branches.
Plagued by compacted soil from parked cars and foot traffic, pavement
and construction, the bigleaf is prone to root rot, said Linda
Chalker-Scott, associate professor at the Center for Urban Horticulture.
Rot can make it more vulnerable to shattering in stormy weather.
The trees are also just too big to fit into street tree-planting strips, said Nolan Rundquist, city arborist for Seattle.
He has cut many a chunk of sidewalk out to make room for burgeoning
bigleafs, and Rundquist remembers one sidewalk muscled up 18 inches by
bigleaf roots.
"You had to just kind of fly over that part."
It's a tree for wild, open places, not the straitjacket life of a
street tree. "Everything has its place," Rundquist said. "It's place
just isn't between the sidewalk and the street."
I also wonder if the Cherry Trees (
Prunus sp.) were suffering from honey fungus as almost all Maples (
Acer) are susceptible species to this disease. I also noticed in the original Press Release that
Acer macrophyllum is pluralized, which I don't even think is legal.
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Fate |
The supporting evidence is everywhere and experience with this species has taught some arborists but it seems others have forgotten or don't care. I guess some must error repeatedly to learn...or maybe not. It really comes down to understanding plants. Their characteristics, requirements, habits, negative and positive attributes and practical applications.